Coffee is a hot beverage crafted from the roasted and ground seeds (or beans) derived from tropical evergreen coffee plants belonging to the Coffea genus. Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora species are responsible for most of the commercial coffee produced today; arabica varieties can be found growing across 40+ countries while canephora predominantly grown in Brazil. Coffee beans contain caffeine, the stimulating alkaloid that gives this beverage its invigorating properties and can be enjoyed with or without milk or sugar when brewed. Coffee has become one of the three most consumed beverages worldwide and one of the most valuable international commodities. Coffee first became widely enjoyed across Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries when introduced from Arabia, despite Islamic authorities disallowing its stimulating properties due to fast spreading popularity.