Coffee has long been an integral part of everyday life for millions around the globe, serving as an energy boost and mood stabilizer. Coffee’s nutrients may even help promote cognitive health while decreasing risk of neurodegenerative disease – but to reap maximum benefit and avoid side effects it’s essential that consumers understand how best to consume their cup.

Research suggests that drinking two to four cups of coffee daily may enhance cognitive function in older adults, particularly through caffeine’s ability to increase choline production which in turn helps produce acetylcholine in the brain and boost memory and learning capabilities. Furthermore, caffeine has also been proven to decrease depression while simultaneously increasing dopamine and serotonin release – potentially helping improve overall mood as well.

Coffee can also help improve the gut microbiome, which is essential to overall health. Studies indicate that regular consumption increases certain bacteria associated with healthy immune function while simultaneously decreasing one type associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, coffee may reduce Parkinson’s risk and may even slow progression of relapsing multiple sclerosis.

Coffee’s caffeine can increase alertness and focus by blocking adenosine, a neurotransmitter known to induce sleepiness. Furthermore, caffeine has also been proven to assist with motivation, fatigue and energy by stimulating both adenosine and dopamine receptors – further research indicates this benefit as it could prevent mild cognitive impairment (MCI), an early precursor to Alzheimer’s disease.

Coffee-drinkers who consume more than five cups a day may increase their risk for Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative conditions, and those prone to anxiety or insomnia should limit their coffee consumption. Coffee may irritate stomach lining, leading to acid reflux or gastritis; furthermore, too late-day consumption can interfere with sleep quality.

Moderate coffee consumption should be safe for most individuals; however, it’s advisable to discuss your health history with an experienced practitioner prior to adding caffeine into your daily routine. A functional medicine practitioner can provide more insight on its potential advantages and drawbacks in relation to your specific health needs.